A company can be closed by adopting the following ways:-
Many times companies are not running well and may be closed down or liquidated. For this necessary formalities of the ROC must be complied.
Company can be closed as follows:
(A) Strike off a company under Section 560 :
Section 560, of the Companies Act, 1956, deals with strike off provisions of a defunct company. Any defunct company desirous to strike off its name from the register of Registrar of company can apply in Form 61 for strike off its name from the register maintained by ROC. Similarly, ROC has also power to strike off any defunct company after satisfying himself of the need to strike off a defunct company and has reasonable cause. But before passing any order in this regard, an opportunity of being heard must be provided to the defunct company by following the due procedure u/s 560.
(B) Winding Up
Section 425, of Companies Act, 1956, deals with modes of winding up. The winding up of a company may be either -
(a) By the Tribunal (also known as compulsory winding up)
(b) Voluntary winding up
(c) subject to the supervision of the Court
Overview of Winding up
You can get a general picture from the following steps of winding up which are summarized below (except Voluntary winding up)
Firstly, issuing a written demand for debt payments to the target company.
Secondly, present a winding up petition to the court and the company
Thirdly, Court hearing for the petition
Fourthly, granting of winding up order by the court
Fifthly, meeting of creditors and other relevant parties
Sixthly, appointment of liquidator.
Seventhly, realization and distribution of company's assets to the creditors
Eighthly, realize of duties for liquidator
Lastly, dissolution of the company.
For more details please visit Company Liquidators website
Voluntary Winding up
Voluntary winding up which may be:
i) Member's Voluntary winding up.
ii) Creditor's Voluntary winding up.
In case of voluntary winding up, the entire process is done without court supervision. When the winding up is complete, relevant documents are filed before the court for obtaining the order of dissolution. A Voluntary winding up can be done by members or creditors. The circumstances in which company may be wound up voluntarily are:
a) When the period fixed for the duration of the company in its articles has expired
b) When an event on the happening of which the company is to be dissolved as per its
articles happen.
c) The company resolves by special resolution at any general meeting to be voluntary winding up.
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